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Yurii Shaevich Matros ((ロシア語:Юрий Шаевич Матрос)) is a scientist in the field of chemical engineering, known for his achievement in the theory and practice of heterogeneous catalytic processes. He is acknowledged as a “Godfather” of realization of catalytic processes in forced unsteady state conditions. Matros developed a catalytic reactor with periodic changes of direction of flow rate in packed bed of catalyst (named in literature as “reverse process” or “Matros Reactor”). This reactor is widely known in scientific and applied literature as an example of an application of developed theory of forced unsteady processes. Yurii Matros has a full doctoral degree of science; is a professor, founder and president of Matros Technologies Inc.〔 == Life and career == Matros was born in Odessa, Ukraine in 1937. As an overachieving student, he graduated from Odessa National Polytechnic University in 1959 with a red diploma (highest academic distinction). After four years of research at this university, while simultaneously working at the Novosibirsk chemical plant, he received his PhD degree in 1964. His science career was developed at the Boreskove Institute of Catalysis〔 in its world famous science center in the academic city of Novosibirsk (Akademgorodok), where in 1974 he received the degree of full doctor of chemical engineering and the official academic title of professor. Afterwards he became the head of the department which studied unsteady state processes in catalysis. His more than thirty years of academic and applied research has been focused on the gas-solid fixed and fluidized bed reactors. In the 1960s and 1970s, he analyzed various levels of mathematical modeling of catalytic reactors, beginning with the reaction process over the catalyst surface and ending with the processes in catalyst pellet and catalytic reactor itself. As one of the first researchers in the field, he described non-standard patterns of fixed bed reactor behavior, such as wrong way behavior and multiplicity of steady-state solutions. He contributed greatly to the theory of formation and movement of creeping fronts through the packed bed. His main scientific results, however, were developed from the 1970s to 1995.〔〔〔 These results showed a new direction in theory and practice of forced unsteady-state processes in heterogeneous catalytic reactors as a way to significantly increase the efficiency of catalytic processes as a whole. Matros faced criticism by his opponents who claimed that he wants to construct a "perpetuum mobile". In reality, however, his theory was proven to be true, and now most chemical engineering science teams of universities and industry use it. The most frequently encountered example of unsteady-state operation is the reverse flow system (Matros reactor) in which the flow through reactor with fixed bed of catalysts is periodically reversed in order to store heat and/or mass, to regenerate heat/catalysts in situ, or to avoid kinetic limitation of a system at equilibrium.〔〔〔 Former president of the Siberian Branch of Academy of Sciences of USSR (1974–1980) (now Russian Academy of Sciences), Gyrii Ivanovich Marchuck remarked that this was the most influential idea in chemistry during last 50 years. Matros is one of the scientists of the Academy of Sciences who consistently brought his scientific achievements directly to industrial practice.〔〔〔 His more than forty patents indicate his great interest in realizing, and he realized, his scientific basic knowledge in different industrial applications.〔〔 Most of the current commercial applications are encountered in environmental cleanup, especially in the catalytic elimination of VOCs from industrial and commercial exhausts,〔 SO2 oxidation in sulfuric acid production,〔 NOx reduction.〔 Matros has been directly involved in the development, design and startup of dozens of industrial units. Potential applications include a number of partial oxidation processes and treatment of vehicular exhaust. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yurii Sh. Matros」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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